虚拟语气的用法归纳 具体例子介绍

虚拟语气的用法归纳

1、表示与现在事实相反的情况

从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)

主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：

eg：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.

如果我是你，我会带把伞。(事实：我不可能是你)

2、表示与过去事实相反的情况

从句：If+主语+had+done

主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done

eg：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.

如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。(事实：去晚了)

3、表示与将来事实相反

从句：①if+主语+were to do

②if+主语+should+do

③if+主语+动词一般过去式(be动词用were)

主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do

eg：If she were to be here next Monday，I would tell her about the matter.

如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。(事实：来的可能性很小，不可能)

虚拟语气的应用实例

1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句中的谓语用过去式(be用were),主句用would/could/mightshould+动词原形。

If I had enough money, I would buy myself a computer.

我如果有足够的钱，会为自己买一台电脑。

If I were you, I would forgive Mary.

如果我是你，我就会原谅玛丽。

2.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语过去式(be用were)/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形，主句谓语would/could/might/should do.

If I saw/should see/were to see him tomorrow, I would invite him home.

我如果明天见到他，会邀请他到家里来。

·If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way.

要是我来做这项工作，我会用另一种方法。

3.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句谓语should/would/could/might+have+过去分词,If 条件从句的谓语形式had+过去分词词。

If we had had enough rain last year,we could have gained a good harvest.

如果去年雨水充足的话，我们可能会有一个好收成。

If the weather had been nice yesterday,we would have gone for a picnic.如果昨天天气好的话，我们就去野餐了。

4. wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句的谓语形式虚拟情况

与现在事实相反用：过去式(be用were)

与过去事实相反had+过去分词

与将来事实相反would/ could/might+动词原形

I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.

我希望我是一只鸟，可以在天空中自由地飞翔。