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高中英语重点句型归纳

高老师 分享 时间:

  

  Part.1

  1.Thereisnopointindoingsth.

  Thereisnopoint(in)doingsth.表示“做某事没有作用或没有意义”,point为不可数名词。如:

  Thereisnopointinarguingfurther.

  Thereseemstobenopointinprotesting.Itwon’thelpmuch.

  2.Itwasthefirsttimethat...

  Itwasthefirsttimethat...表示“第一次做……”,从句用过去完成时。若主句是一般现在时(is),则从句用现在完成时。如:

  ItisthefirsttimeI’vewonsinceIlearnttoplaychess.

  3.形容词或形容词短语作状语

  英语中形容词或形容词短语可作状语,说明主语行为的原因、方式、结果、伴随状况等。如:

  Ripe,theorangestastesweet.Coldandhungry,hedecidedtostopandhavearest.

  [高考示例]

  Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,_______.(上海)

  A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted

  Part.2

  1.have/find/want/...sth.donehave/find/want/...sth.done构成“动词+宾语+过去分词”结构,过去分词作宾语补足语表示与宾语之间是被动关系。如:

  Shehadherhousedamagedinthestorm.

  Whenhearrivedatthebank,hefoundthedoorclosed.

  WewanttheworkfinishedbySaturday.

  [高考示例1]

  Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.You’vehadit______oftenenough.(天津)

  A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained

  [高考示例2]

  Inthedream,Petersawhimself______byafiercewolf,andhewokesuddenlywithastart.(上海)

  A.chasedB.tobechasedC.bechasedD.havingbeenchased

  [高考示例3]

  Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft______.(天津)

  A.unsatisfiedB.unsatisfyingC.tobeunsatisfyingD.beingunsatisfied

  2.AistoBwhatCistoD

  AistoBwhatCistoD是个固定句型,意为“A对B而言正如C对D一样”。如:

  Airistouswhatwateristofish.

  Readingistothemindwhatfoodistothebody.

  [高考示例]

  Enginesaretomachines______heartsaretoanimals.(山东)

  A.asB.thatC.whatD.which

  3.形容词+动词不定式

  “形容词+动词不定式”构成特殊结构,特点是不定式与其前面的作主语的名词或代词可构成逻辑动宾关系,该不定式通常需用主动形式表示被动意义。如:

  Thisquestioniseasytoanswer.

  Thewaterintheriverisnotfittodrink.

  [知识拓展]

  若不定式是不及物动词,后加适当的介词或副词。如:

  Theproblemiseasytoworkout.

  Thisroomlooksverycomfortabletolivein.

  Part.3

  havesth.todo

  这个句型中,不定式短语作后置定语,与被修饰名词构成动宾关系。如:

  Ihavesomeletterstotype.

  Hehasnoonetohelp.

  [句型拓展]

  havesth.done使(让、请)某事被做;havesth.(sb.)doing让某物(或某人)一直做某事;havesb.dosth.让某人做了某事。

  [高考示例]

  I’mgoingtothesupermarketthisafternoon.Doyouhaveanything______?(上海)

  A.tobebuyingB.tobuyC.forbuyingD.bought

  Part.4

  1.Iwishthat...

  wish后接宾语从句,从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气:与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成时;与现在事实相反,从句用一般过去时;与将来事实相反,从句用could/would/might+动词原形。如:

  Hewishedhehadn’tdoneit.

  Iwishwehadacar.

  Iwish(that)youwouldgetagoodjob.

  [高考示例]

  HowIwisheveryfamily_______alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!(上海)

  A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad

  2.Were/Had/Should...

  WereIinschoolagain,Iwouldworkharder.

  Hadyoubeenhereearlier,youwouldhaveseenhim.



  [高考示例1]

  Whatwouldhavehappened_______,asfarastheriverbank?(上海)

  A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfarther

  C.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther

  [高考示例2]

  _______fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswouldnotbeimmediatelycutoff.(湖北)

  A.WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.Mightyoube

  Part.5

  1.on/upon(doing)sth.表示“一……就……”。如:

  On(my)askingforinformationIwastoldImustwait.

  OnhisreturnfromCanada,hesettowork.

  [知识拓展]

  1.“一……就”的其他表达方法:assoonas,themoment/minute,immediately,hardly...when,nosooner...than等。

  2.more...than...表示“与其说……不如说……”。如:

  Heismorediligentthanclever.

  Themodernwide-bodiedjetlinerisverylarge.Inside,itlooksmorelikeagreattheatrethan(like)aplane.

  3.Itisonethingto...,antherto...表示“……是一回事,……是另一回事”。如:

  Itisonethingforyoutowritetohim,anothertotelephonehim.

  Itisonethingforyoutostayhere,anotherformetoaskyoutostayhere.

  4.Thereisagoodchancethat...相当于It’slikelythat...,表示“很可能……”。如:

  Thereisagoodchancethatyouwillcatchupwithyourclassmates.

  Thereislittlechancethatthesickchildwillgetwell.

  Part.6

  1.Assb.putsit...

  assb.putsit...是固定句型,表示“正如某人所说”。如:

  AsthePresidentputsit,“Wehavenochoicebuttodevelopoureducation,orwe’llfallbehind.”

  Asheputsitinthereport,“Educationistobegiventochildrenbythegovernment.”

  2.Sb./Sth.isbelievedtobe/havedone...

  Sb./Sth.isbelievedtobe/havedone表示“被认为是……/已经做了某事”。know,say,expect,report,suppose等动词均能用于该句型。如:

  Sheisbelievedtobethefirsttocomeupwiththisidea.

  Thecompanywasreportedtohaveinventedanewtypeofcar.

  [高考示例1]

  —IsBobstillperforming?

  —I’mafraidnot.Heissaid______thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.(江苏)

  A.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tohavebeenleftD.tobeleft

  [高考示例2]

  Policearenowsearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto______sincethefloodhitthearealastFriday.(山东)

  A.havebeenmissingB.havegotlostC.bemissingD.getlost

  [高考示例3]

  AIDSissaid____thebiggesthealthchallengetobothmenandwomeninthatareaoverthepastfewyears.(湖北)

  A.thatitisB.tobeC.thatishasbeenD.tohavebeen

  Part.7

  1.beuptosth.

  beuptosth.表示“正在干,从事于(尤指坏事);在捣鬼;(体力或智力上)能胜任”。如:

  Heisuptonogood.

  Whathaveyoubeenuptolately?

  He’snotuptothejob.

  [知识拓展]

  beuptosb.表示“是某人负责;由某人决定”,常用it作形式主语,用动词不定式作真正的主语。如:It’snotuptoyoutotellmehowtodomyjob.

  2.动词-ing形式作主语

  动词-ing形式作主语,多表示一个泛指的、抽象的动作;相对来说,动词不定式作主语,常表示特定的、具体的动作。如:

  Seeingisbelieving.

  Toleanoutofthecar’swindowisdangerous.

  [知识拓展]

  有时可用it作形式主语,而把动词-ing结构放在句末,用于“Itisnouse/nogooddoingsth.”之类的句型。如:

  Itisnogoodwaitinghere.Let’swalkhome.

  [高考示例1]

  It’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview._______theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.(北京)

  A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having

  [高考示例2]

  Eugene’sneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.It’snouse_______withhim.(上海)

  A.toargueB.arguingC.arguedD.havingargued

  Part.8

  1.Thereisnoneedtodosth.

  Thereisnoneedtodosth.表示“(客观上)没有必要做某事”。如:

  There’snoneedforyoutogetupearlytomorrow.

  [高考示例]

  SinceyouhaverepairedmyTVset,_______isnoneedformetobuyanewone.(上海)

  A.itB.thereC.thisD.that

  2.where引导的地点状语从句

  地点状语从句一般由where和wherever引导。如:

  Putthebookswherewecanallseeit.

  Whereveryougo,youwillfindcomputersbeingwidelyused.

  [知识拓展]

  where还可以引导定语从句。究竟如何区别where引导的是定语从句还是地点状语从句呢?

  如果where前面有先行词,则where引导的是定语从句,否则where引导的是地点状语从句。另外,引导定语从句的关系副词where在从句中充当状语,可由“介词+which”代替,而地点状语从句通常只能由连接副词where引导。如:

  Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputupwheretherehadoncebeenatheatre.

  ShemovedtoPariswhereshelivedforfiveyears.

  [高考示例]

  —Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?

  —Right,justtheone_______youknowIusedtoworkforyears.(福建)

  A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what