英语介词,高考真题语法专项练习

　　Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

　　1．(2015·浙江，10改编)Most people work because it's unavoidable.__By__contrast， there are some people who actually enjoy work.

　　解析：by contrast“相比之下”。句意：大部分人工作是因为它是无法逃避的。而相比之下，有些人工作是因为的确享受工作。

　　2．(2015·浙江，17改编)These comments came __in__response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.

　　解析：in response to“回应”。句意：这些评论出现是为了回应那些当地新闻记者经常问到的具体问题。

　　3．(2015·湖北，30改编)This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you __in__advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.

　　解析：in advance提前。句意：会议室是非吸烟区。我想提前警告你：如果你在这儿吸烟的话。你会被罚款的。

　　4．(2015·重庆，10改编)Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ __above__ the average.

　　解析：above the average在一般水平以上。句意：去年是有记录以来最热的一年，全球气温比平均气温高0.68℃。

　　5．(2016·江西南昌高三联考)If I meet with school violence， I will not answer violence__with__violence，...I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.

　　解析：answer violence with violence以暴治暴。

　　6．(2015·福建，32改编)Human life is regarded as part of nature and；as such，the only way for us to survive is to live__in__harmony with nature.

　　解析：in harmony with与……和谐共处。句意：人的生命被看作是自然界的一部分；就这点而论，我们要存活下来的唯一方式就是与大自然和谐共处。

　　7．(2014·课标全国Ⅱ，改编)He reported the case __to__ the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city.

　　解析：句意为：他向警察报告了这个事件，然后孤独迷茫地坐在一个陌生的城市里。report...to...为固定搭配，意为“向……报告……”。

　　8．(2014·福建，22改编)Our club is open to everyone regardless__of__age，sex or educational background.

　　解析：句意为：我们的俱乐部向每个人开放，不管你的年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of意为“不管；不顾”，为固定搭配。

　　9．(2014·天津，6改编)In addition __to__the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support.

　　解析：句意为：除了学校之外，村子里还有一家诊所，它也是在政府的支持下建起来的。根据下文关键词also可知，学校也是政府开办的，故填to，in addition to意为“除了……之外(还)”。

　　10．(2014·浙江，10改编)While staying in the village， James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything__in__ return.

　　解析：句意为：当詹姆斯呆在这个村里的时候，他无私地把他有的所有东西与村民分享，不求任何回报。根据前面的单词unselfishly可知他这样做不图回报。in return为固定短语，意为“作为回报”。

　　11. The children dressed __in__ long wool coats stopped to look at us.

　　解析：句意为：穿着长羊毛外套的孩子们停下来看着我们。be dressed in意为“穿着……”，为固定搭配。

　　12．The desire for self－improvement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities __beyond__ physical classrooms.

　　解析：句意为：自我完善的愿望促使许多中国学生去追求超越实体课堂教育的机会。beyond意为“超出……”。

　　13．With new technology， pictures of underwater valleys can be taken __in__ color.

　　解析：句意为：由于有了这项新的科技，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意为“彩色的”，符合句意。

　　14．She works well with those who are superior __to__ her in the company.

　　解析：句意为：她与公司那些职务高于她的人相处得很好。be superior to意为“优于……；高

　　于……”，为固定短语。

　　15．__Despite__ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity， she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show.

　　解析：句意为：虽然这个香港歌手现在很受欢迎，但是在才艺秀之前她在内地还不为人知。despite意为“虽然”，符合句意。

　　16．I have an appointment __with__Dr. Brown， but I need to change it.

　　解析：句意为：我与布朗先生有约，但我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb.意为“与某人有约”，为固定短语。

　　17．Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated __to__ a wonderful dinner.

　　解析：句意为：所有来这儿开会的人都将享用美好的晚餐。treat sb. to sth.意为“款待，招待某人享用……”，是固定短语。

　　18．Anyway， I can't tell lies about it—it's __against__ my principles， you know.

　　解析：句意为：无论如何，对于这件事我不能说谎，你知道这违背了我的原则。against意为“反对；违反”，符合句意。

　　19．(2015·浙江，3)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes __to__ animals both on land and sea？

　　解析：be home to...“是……的家园”。

　　20．(2015·陕西，12改编)The little pupil took his grandma __by__the arm and walked her across the street.

　　解析：“take sb. by＋the＋身体部位”为固定搭配，意为“抓住某人的……”。句意：那个小学生抓着他奶奶的手臂，领她过了街道。拓展：The police took the thief by the collar and took him to the police station.警察抓住那个小偷的衣领，把他带到了警察局。

　　Ⅱ. 语法填空

　　在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　Father's Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day __1. for__ children to honor their fathers began in Spokane， Washington. A woman __2. with__ the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought __3. of__ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon __4. in__ 1909.

　　Having been raised __5. by__ her father， Henry Jackson Smart， after her mother died， Sonora wanted her father to know howspecial he was __6. to__ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was， __7. in__ the eyes of his daughter， a courageous， selfless， and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June， so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration __8. in__ Spokane， Washington __9. on__ the 19th of June， 1910.

　　In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June __10. as__ Father's Day. Roses are the flowers for Father's Day.

　　Ⅲ. 单句改错

　　1．(2015·新课标Ⅰ)Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.

　　答案与解析：on→with　with the development of...随着……的发展。

　　2．(2016·新课标Ⅲ)Now I am leaving home to college.

　　答案与解析：to→for　句意：现在，我要离开家去上大学。根据句意可知，此处指的是“离开家去上大学”，所以用for，表示目的。

　　3．(2014·课标全国Ⅰ，改编)Nearly five years ago，and with the help by our father， my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.

　　答案与解析：by→of　句意为：大约五年前，在父亲的帮助下，我和姐姐在后花园种植了一些圣女果。with the help of sb.为固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”。故将by改为of。

　　4．(2013·课标全国Ⅰ，改编)He was tall， with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.

　　答案与解析：toward→to或into　turn from...to/into...从……变成……。

　　5．(2016·四川)Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.

　　答案与解析：去掉on　句意：爸爸打扫了房子，然后去购物了。go shopping“去购物”，是固定短语。