拿下这20道易错题，彻底攻下非谓语动词

　　1. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.

　　A. put

　　B. to be putting

　　C. to put

　　D. putting

　　【答案与解析】选D。catch sb doing sth 意为“碰上某人在做某事”或“逮住某做某事”。

　　2. When you’re learning to drive， _______ a good teacher makes a big difference.

　　A. have

　　B. having

　　C. and have

　　D. and having

　　【答案与解析】选B。这是一个含when 引导时间状语从句的主从复合句，having a good teacher 在主句中用作主语。

　　3. I felt it a great honour ______ to speak to you.

　　A. to ask

　　B. asking

　　C. to be asked

　　D. having asked

　　【答案与解析】选C。句中的 it 为形式宾语，不定式 to be asked to speak to you 为真正宾语，因“我”与ask为被动关系，故用被动式。

　　4. I would love _______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.

　　A. to go

　　B. to have gone

　　C. going

　　D. having gone

　　【答案与解析】选 B。like 和 love后接不定式或动名词均可，但 would love / like 后只能接不定式，据此可排除选项 C、D。表示过去未曾实现的愿望，其后要接不定式的完成式，即选 B。

　　5. Before you decide to leave your job， _______ the effect it will have on your family.

　　A. consider

　　B. considering

　　C. to consider

　　D. considered

　　【答案与解析】选A，before 引导的是时间状语从句，填空句为主句，而此主句为祈使句，故动词用原形。其中 it will have … 为修饰名词 the effect 的定语从句。

　　6. Robert is said _______ abroad， but I don’t know what country he studied in.

　　A. to have studied

　　B. to study

　　C. to be studying

　　D. to have been studying

　　【答案与解析】选 A。根据句中的 studied 可知，他曾到国外留过学，也就是说“留学”这个动作已结束并发生在谓语动作(is said)之前，故用完成式，即选 A。

　　7. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _______.

　　A. it what to do with

　　B. what to do it with

　　C. what to do with it

　　D. to do what with it

　　【答案与解析】选 C。do with 与 what 连用可以表示“处置”、“放置”、“利用”等。如：

　　What have you done with my umbrella？

　　你把我的雨伞放到哪 里去了？

　　I don’t know what to do with this strange object.

　　我不知道这怪东西有什么用。

　　8. Anyone _______ bags， boxes， or whatever， was stopped by the police.

　　A. seen carry

　　B. seen carrying

　　C. saw to carry

　　D. saw carrying

　　【答案与解析】选B。anyone seen carrying bags…为 anyone who was seen carrying bags 之省略，其中过去分词短语 seen carrying bags … 用作定语修饰代词 anyone。

　　9. Mr Read made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.

　　A. set up

　　B. setting up

　　C. have set up

　　D. having set up

　　【答案与解析】选 B。devote…to… 的意思是“把……贡献给……”或“致力于……”，其中 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，其后动词要用动名词。句中的 he had 为定语从句，用以修饰 all，注意不将 had to 视为同一个语义结构。

　　10. The discovery of new evidence led to _______.

　　A. the thief having caught

　　B. catch the thief

　　C. the thief being caught

　　D. the thief to be caught

　　【答案与解析】选 C。lead to 意为“导致”，其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后接动词要用动名词。由于逻辑主语 the thief 与catch 为被动关系，故答案选 C。

　　11. She looks forward every spring to _______ the flower-lined garden.

　　A. visit

　　B. paying a visit

　　C. walk in

　　D. walking in

　　【答案与解析】选 D。look forward to 意为“期盼”，其中 to 是介词，后接动词要用动名词。注意不能选 B，因为 pay a visit 不能带 the flower-lined garden 作宾语，假若在 paying a visit 后加上介词 to，则可选 B。

　　12. To test eggs， _______ them in a bowl of water： if they float they’re bad， if they sink they’re good.

　　A. put

　　B. putting

　　C. to put

　　D. to be putting

　　【答案与解析】选A。句首的 to test eggs 为目的状语，填空句为祈使句，故要用动词原形。

　　13. “Where is David？” “He is upstairs ______ ready to go out.”

　　A. to get

　　B. getting

　　C. to be getting

　　D. having got

　　【答案与解析】选B。现在分词短语做伴随状语。

　　14. “Mum， why do you always make me eat an egg every day？” “________ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.”

　　A. Get

　　B. Getting

　　C. To get

　　D. to be getting

　　【答案与解析】选C。to get enough protein and nutrition 表目的。

　　15. He was reading his book， completely _______ to the world.

　　A. lost

　　B. losing

　　C. to lose

　　D. to have lost

　　【答案与解析】选A。(be) lost to sth 为习语，意为“不再受某事物的影响”、“将某事物置之度外”。

　　16. We looked everywhere for the keys， but they are nowhere _______.

　　A. to find

　　B. to have found

　　C. to be found

　　D. being found

　　【答案与解析】选C。因keys 与 find 是被动关系。

　　17. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street， but his mother told him _______.

　　A. not to

　　B. not to do

　　C. not do it

　　D. do not do

　　【答案与解析】选 A。不定式的否定式总是将否定词 not 置于不定式符号 to 之前，而不能置于其后，同时结合 tell sb (not) to do sth 这一结构可排除选项 C、D。当不定式的动词是前面已出现过的相同的动词时，为避免重复，通常省略该不定式而只保留不定式符号 to。

　　18. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _______ in the kitchen.

　　A. smoke

　　B. smoking

　　C. to smoke

　　D. smoked

　　【答案与解析】选 B。find 后可接现在分词(表示动作在进行)或过去分词(表被动关系)作宾语补足语，但是不接不定式。另外，由于he 与 smoke 是主动关系，故选 B。

　　19. Finding her car stolen， _______.

　　A. a policeman was asked to help

　　B. the area was searching thoroughly

　　C. it was looked for everywhere

　　D. she hurried to a policeman for help

　　【答案与解析】选 D。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。比较四个选项，finding her car stolen 的逻辑主语显然是 she，而不是 a policeman， the area， it 等，故选 D。

　　20. ——How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers？

　　——The key ______ the problem is to meet the demand ______ by the customers.”

　　A. to solving， making B. to solving， made

　　C. to solve， making D. to solve， made

　　【答案与解析】选 B。the key to… 意为“……的关键”，其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，其后接动词要用动名词。另一方面，名词 demand 与 make 是被动关系(make demands 提出要求)，同时根据句中的 by the customers，可确定答案选 B。