并列句与状语从句,高考英语语法专练

　　Ⅰ. 单句语法填空

　　1．(2014·江苏，21改编)Lessons can be learned to face the future __though/although__history cannot be changed.

　　解析：对比分析两个句子的意思可知从句表达的意思是“虽然；尽管”。句意为：虽然历史不能被改变，但是可以学习经验来面对未来。设空处引导让步状语从句，故填though/although。

　　2．(2014·湖南，26改编)You will never gain success __unless__you are fully devoted to your work.

　　解析：根据句意可知主从句间是条件关系，且对比分析两句话间“主将从现”的时态及主句中的否定词never可知用表条件的unless(if...not)。句意为：除非你完全投入到你的工作中，否则你永远无法取得成功。

　　3．(2015·北京，25改编)He is a shy man，__but__he is not afraid of anything or anyone.

　　解析：but用来连接并列但语义对比的两个句子。句意：他是个腼腆的人，但他并不怕任何事或任何人。

　　4．(2015·北京，32改编)__Once__the damage is done， it will take many years for the farmland to recover.

　　解析：once一旦。句意：一旦造成损害，土地要好多年才能恢复。

　　5．(2015·天津，12改编)We need to get to the root of the problem__before__we can solve it.

　　解析：本题考查状语从句的连词。before表示“主句发生在从句之前”。句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。

　　6．(2015·湖南，33改编)__Although/Though__the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.

　　解析：although/though虽然(表示“虽然”时，不在后面使用连词but，不过有时它可与yet，still，nevertheless等副词连用)。句意：虽然那个工作要花大量的时间，但是大多数学生都觉得这次经历是值得的。

　　7．(2015·湖南，35改编)That's why I help brighten people's days.If you__don't__，who's to say that another person will？

　　解析：考查if引导的条件状语从句。在if引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。此句中的who's to say that another person will用的是将来时，故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句意：这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来。如果你不这样做，你说谁会这样做？

　　8．(2015·四川，6改编)There is only one more day to go__before__your favorite music group play live.

　　解析：before意为“在……之前”。句意：离你最喜欢的乐队的现场演奏只剩下一天了。

　　9．(2015·重庆，4改编)If you miss this chance，it may be years __before__ you get another one.

　　解析：It be＋时间段＋before...“要过……才会……”。句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能要等很多年才会再有另一个机会。

　　10．(2015·江苏，26改编)It is so cold that you can't go outside__unless__fully covered in thick clothes.

　　解析：本题考查状语从句引导词及状语从句的省略。句意：天如此冷以至于你除非完全包裹着厚衣服，否则不能外出。unless除非。unless从句中省略主语you及系动词are。

　　11. It's a motto that we should never remember the benefit we have offered __nor__ forget the favor received.

　　解析：句意为：我们应当永远不要记挂我们所给予的好处也不要忘记我们所受的恩惠。这是一则座右铭。nor为表示否定含义的并列词，never...nor...表示“既不……也不……”。

　　12．Ask any Chinese which city in China is famous for ice and snow， __and__ the answer is sure to be Harbin.

　　解析：句意为：(如果)你问任何一个中国人中国的哪座城市因冰雪而出名，答案一定是哈尔滨。此处为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”的结构，两个分句之间为顺承关系，故填and。

　　13．Stick to what you think is right， __and__ you will gain a surprising happy ending.

　　解析：句意为：坚持你认为正确的，你会拥有一个幸福的结局。此处为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”的结构，两个分句之间为顺承关系，故填and。

　　14．—Can I lie about seeing a text message because I was too busy or lazy to respond to it？

　　—Receiving a text message does not necessarily mean you have to respond. Why waste a perfectly good lie __when__ the truth will serve？

　　解析：句意为：——当我很累或懒得去答复时，我可以撒谎说没看过短信吗？——收到短信并不一定意味着必须回复。为什么非得滥用一个精心编造的谎言而不去说实话呢？对比分析主从句谓语的动作可知是同时发生，因此用时间状语连词when表示“当……时候”。

　　15．Though it has been one year __since__ he came to the city， he knows every street here like the back of his hand.

　　解析：句意为：尽管他来这座城市仅仅一年，但是他对这儿的每条街道了如指掌。本题考查固定句型“it has been＋时间段＋since...”，表示“自从……已经多久了”。

　　16．—What did he think of the trip to Beijing last month？

　　—He had such a good time __when__ he visited the Great Wall.

　　解析：句意为：——他认为上个月的北京之行怎么样？——当他去参观长城时玩得很开心。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，故填when。本题容易误用成“such...that...”结构。

　　17．Little __as/though__ he knew about classical music， he pretended to be an expert on it.

　　解析：句意为：尽管他对古典音乐了解很少，但他假装对此是名专家。分析句意及句子结构可知，设空处所在分句为让步状语从句，且否定词little位于句首，应用倒装结构，故填as或though。although也表“尽管”，但其引导的从句要用正常语序，故不填。

　　18．People in Dali are very friendly and honest to you __whether__ you are a foreigner or just a local.

　　解析：句意为：大理的人对你很诚实而友好，无论你是外地人还是当地居民。whether...or...表示“无论是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。

　　19．You can smoke here __if__ you leave a window open to let the smoke out.

　　解析：句意为：如果你留一扇窗户使烟散发出去，你就可以在这里吸烟。根据句意可知，此处为条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填if。

　　20．(2015·浙江，9改编)Just__as__ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence，a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.

　　解析：句意为：正如单独一个词能改变一个句子的含义一样，一个独立的句子也能改变一个段落的含义。just as意为“正如，正像”，符合句意。

　　Ⅱ. 语法填空

　　在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　My classmate Michael studied very hard __1. after__ he went to senior school. Every day he worked __2. until__ every one left the classroom. He said he wouldn't stop trying __3. unless__ he got satisfying scores in his studies. Hard __4. as/though__ he tried， he made little progress， but he didn't lose heart at all __5. because__ he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one day. __6. As__ time went by， he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Guangzhou at last. We had a get－together party __7. before__ we started our new life in university. __8. Since__ everyone had got offers from universities， we had a very good time. When we stood __9. where__ we used to play and study， we couldn't help thinking of our happy old days. We believed we would never forget each other， __10. wherever__ we would go or whatever we would do. Before we departed， __11. although/though__we seemed a little sadder __12. than__before， we still fought back the tears.

　　Ⅲ. 单句改错

　　1．But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived.

　　答案与解析：when→than　no sooner...than...“刚……就……”，是固定用法。

　　2．The people's life here has become rich or colorful.

　　答案与解析：or→and　此处表示“生活丰富多彩”，rich与colorful是并列关系，且本句是肯定句，故连词用and。

　　3．I called my parents， so I did not tell them what had happened.

　　答案与解析：so→but　由called与did not tell...的对比判断连词用but。表示“我给父母打电话了，但是没有告诉他们发生了什么”。

　　4．It isn't very cold， but you needn't bring many clothes with you.

　　答案与解析：but→so　天不太冷“所以”没有必要带很多衣服，连词用so，表示结果。

　　5．It may be popular， and you may also get others confused.

　　答案与解析：and→but　由“get others confused”判断连词用but，表示“可能会受欢迎，但是也会让别人很困惑”。

　　6．(2015·四川)In fact， I don't like to go anymore， so I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship.

　　答案与解析：so→but　作者不喜欢再去那里，“但是”又害怕失去他们的友谊，此处表示转折，因此要用but。

　　7．I'm sure that until we keep on practising， it will be easy for us to learn spoken English well.

　　答案与解析：until→if　此处表示“如果我们不断地练习，学好英语口语对我们来说就会很容易”，所以用连词if引导一个条件状语从句。

　　8. One day， I was cooking in the kitchen as the telephone rang.

　　答案与解析：as→when　be doing...when...“正在做某事，这时……”，是固定句式。

　　9．Charles Rolls， a car maker， was very interested in Royce's car， but soon Rolls and Royce went into business together.

　　答案与解析：but→and　“很快他们就合作了”是顺承前一句所说的事情发生的，故连词用and。

　　10．Work hard， you will make much progress and realize your dream.

　　答案与解析：you前加and　本句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式，表示“做……，那么你就会……”。

　　11．(2016·新课标Ⅰ)Though not very big， but the restaurant is popular in our area.

　　答案与解析：去掉but　句意：餐馆虽然不大，却在我们这个区域很受欢迎。though不和but连用，因though位于句首，故去掉but。

　　12．(2016·新课标Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.

　　答案与解析：or→and　句意：每天他都确保用于烹饪的是新鲜的蔬菜和高质量的油。从句意判断前后是并列关系，故把or改为and。

　　13．(2016·新课标Ⅱ)If we stay at home， it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.

　　答案与解析：but→and　句意：如果我们待在家里，会很舒服而且也没有必要花钱。上下句之间是并列关系，而非转折关系。

　　14．(2016·四川)Mom has a full－time job， so she has to do most of the housework.

　　答案与解析：so→but　句意：妈妈做全职工作，但是她得干大部分家务活。前后句之间为转折关系，故应用but连接。

　　15．(2016·四川)Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day.

　　答案与解析：or→and　句意：爸爸和“我”都打算在母亲节这一天做一些事。both...and...“两者都……”，是固定结构，符合语境。