高中外研版必修一Module5重点单词、短语、句型、语法
必修一Module3 必修一Module4
单词
liquid ['likwid] n. 液体
expand [ik'spænd] vi.膨胀
contract ['kɒntrækt] vi.收缩
substance ['sʌbstəns] n. 物质
mixture ['mikstʃə] n.混合物
oxygen ['ɒksədʒən] n. 氧气
electricity [ˌilek'trisiti] n. 电
stage [steidʒ] n. 阶段；时期
conclusion [kən'klu:ʒən] n. 结论
aim [eim] n. 目标；目的
reaction [ri'ækʃən] n. 反应
electrical [i'lektrikəl] adj.与电有关的；用电的
equipment [i'kwipmənt] n. 设备；装备
react [ri'ækt] vi.(化学)反应
potassium [pə'tæsiəm] n. 钾
sodium ['səudiəm] n. 钠
calcium ['kælsiəm] n. 钙
magnesium [mæg'ni:ziəm] n. 镁
aluminium [ˌælju'miniəm] n. 铝
zinc [ziŋk] n. 锌
partial ['pɑ:ʃəl] adj.部分的；局部的
copper ['kɒpə] n. 铜
oxide ['ɒksaid] n. 氧化物
rust [rʌst] vi. 生锈
boil [bɒil] vt. 煮沸
ordinary ['ɒ:dinəri] adj. 普通的；平常的
steam [sti:m] n. 蒸汽；水气
float [fləut] vi.漂浮
form [fɒ:m] vi.形成
dissolve [di'zɒlv] vt. 溶解；分解；分离
balance ['bæləns] n. 天平
crucible ['kru:sibl] n. 坩锅
tongs [tɒŋz] n. (复)夹子；小钳子
flame [fleim] n. 火焰
facility [fə'siliti] n. (常作复数)设备；工具
lecture ['lektʃə] n. 演讲
department [di'pɑ:tmənt] n. (大学的)科、系
astonished [ə'stɒniʃt] adj. 吃惊的；惊愕的
短语
add…to… 往……加入……
in the area of 在……领域
be proud of 为……感到骄傲/自豪
be supposed to 应当；理应
a report on 关于……的报道
as ... as 与……一样
mix A and/ with B together 把A与B混在一起
mix A into B 把A加入B
a mixture of... ……的混合物
a quarter/a half 四分之一/一半
three quarters四分之三
two fifths五分之二
point seven one 零点七一
the same as 和……一样
put...in order 把……整理好
10 meters long 10米长
draw/arrive at/reach/get to / come to a conclusion 得出结论
electrical equipment电器设备
a set of /some equipment 一套/一些设备
A be equipped with B 用B装备A
react with与……发生反应
react to 对……做出反应
have a slow/fast reaction with 与……发生慢的/快的反应
at the top/bottom(of) 在……顶部/底部
find out找出
leave with the tube for a week 与试管一起放一周
keep…out of 使……不入内
ordinary water 普通的水
much/a lot/a great deal/ far /a bit/ a little /still / even / yet +bigger 更大
no more than/ no more…than仅仅/ 和……一样不（两者都不）
not more than/not more…than 不超过/不如……（前者不如后者）
a bigger apple一个更大的苹果
It’s your turn to do 该轮到你做……
go ahead 干吧！用吧！
used to do过去常常做……
be used to doing习惯于做……
be used to do 被用来做……
the last equipment 最新的设备
four times a term一学期四次
make a discovery发现
first-class scientists一流的科学家
in the last twenty years在最后20年
win the Nobel Prize获得诺贝尔奖
句型
1. What conclusions do you draw from the evidence you’ve heard?
你从你听到的证据中得出什么结论？
2. In conclusion/To conclude, I would like to thank everybody who helped me.
最后，我要感谢所有帮助过我的人。
3. The measures are aimed at stopping the river from being further polluted.
这些措施旨在阻止河流遭受进一步的污染。
4. He studied hard, aiming to pass the entrance exam.
为了通过入学考试，他努力学习。
5. The old man has formed the habit of getting up early every morning.
这位老人已经养成了每天早晨早起的习惯。
6. Try to achieve a better balance between work and play.
争取把工作和娱乐更好地结合起来。
7. You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.
你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。
8. Colorful umbrellas add to a lively atmosphere in the summer streets.
各色阳伞给夏日街头平添了活泼的气氛。
9. Three-fifths of the trees have been cut down.
五分之三的树已被砍了。
10. One-third of the sugar was used to make the cake.
制作蛋糕用了三分之一的糖。
语法归纳
形容词和副词的比较等级
考点一：倍数表达法
1.倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as…
▶ Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
▶ The dining room is twice as big as the kitchen. 餐厅是厨房的两倍大。
2.倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than…
▶ Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我们学校是你们学校的两倍大。
3.倍数+the+名词(size，height，length，width，etc.)+of…
▶ The new building is three times the height of the old one. 这座新楼是那座旧楼的三倍高。
▶ This stone bridge is twice the length of the wood one. 这座石桥是那座木桥的两倍长。
4.倍数+as many/much+名词+as…
▶ He has got three times as many books as his younger sister. 他的书比他妹妹的多两倍。
5.倍数+what从句
▶ The price of the house this year is twice what it was last year. 今年的房价是去年房价的两倍。
6. increase/fall等增减性动词+by+倍数
▶ Compared with last year, our coal output has increased by three times. 与去年相比，我们的煤产量增长了三倍。
7.倍数+compared with+被比较对象
▶ The number of the students in our school has increased by four times compared with 1980. 我们学校的学生人数比1980年增加了四倍。
考点二：形容词/副词比较等级的基本用法
原级比较
(1)"as+形容词/副词原级+as"表示“和……一样……”，其否定形式为"not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as"。
▶ He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快。
▶ Li Hua doesn't draw as/so well as Liu Fang. 李华画画不如刘芳好。
(2)as+adj.+n.+as
▶ I have as many books as Tom. 我有和汤姆一样多的书。
▶ Sam drank as much coffee as Mary. 萨姆跟玛丽喝的咖啡一样多。
比较级的常见句式
"形容词/副词比较级+than"意为"比……更……"。
▶ Yao Ming is taller than Michael Jordan. 姚明比迈克尔·乔丹高。
▶ She speaks louder than her mother. 她比她妈妈说话声音大。
比较级的修饰词
形容词和副词的比较级可以用程度副词来修饰，常见的此类副词(词组)有a bit, a little, far, much, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even等。
▶ The girl has made far greater progress than her classmates. 这个女孩的进步比她同学的大得多。
▶ Are you feeling any better today? 你今天感觉好点儿了吗?
考点三：比较级的常见结构
1."比较级+and+比较级"/"more and more+原级"表示"越来越……"。
▶ It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了，天气越来越暖和了。
▶ Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校越来越美丽了。
2. "the+比较级(+主语+谓语), the+比较级(+主语+谓语)"表示"越……，越……"。
▶ The sooner, the better. 越快越好。
3. "the+比较级+of the two …"表示"两者中较……的那一个"。
▶ She is the taller of the two sisters. 她是姐妹俩中较高的那一个。
4. "否定词+比较级"表示最高级含义。
▶ I have never seen a stranger bird. 这是我见过的最奇怪的鸟。
5. "more than+从句"表示"超出……的范围"。
▶ The noise is more than I can put up with. 这种噪音我忍受不了。