高考英语3500词汇（B）：单词+词组+句型

baby [ˈbeɪbɪ] n. 婴儿

bachelor [ˈbætʃələ(r)] n. 未婚男子, 单身汉

back [bæk] ad. 回（原处）；向后 a. 后面的 n. 背后, 后部；背

back and forth 来回，往返

back to back 背靠背

look back 回顾

put back 放回去

turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬

backache [ˈbækeɪk] n. 背痛

background [ˈbækɡraʊnd] n. 背景

backward(s) [ˈbækwəd] ad. 向后

backward and forward 来来回回

bacon [ˈbeɪkən] n. 咸猪肉；熏猪肉 ?

bacterium [bækˈtɪərɪəm] (复bacteria) n. 细菌

bad (worse, worst) [bæd] a. 坏的；有害的, 不利的；严重的

badly [ˈbædlɪ] ad. 坏, 恶劣地

badminton [ˈbædmɪntən] n. 羽毛球

bag [bæɡ] n. 书包；提包；袋子

baggage [ˈbæɡɪdʒ] n. 行李

a piece of/an article of baggage 一件行李

bake [beɪk] v. 烤； 烘（面包）

bakery [ˈbeɪkərɪ] n. 面包店

balance [ˈbæləns] n. 平衡

1) n. ① 平衡

keep a balance (between A and B)

lose one’s balance

disturb the balance of one’s mind

② 余额 (常用单数）

check your bank balance

③ 欠款（常用单数）

The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days.

be/hang in the balance 未定的， 悬而未决的

catch/throw sb. off balance 使...…失去平衡； 使…...不知所措

on balance 总的来说

2）v. ①保持平衡

~（sth）on sth

He balanced the cup on her knee.

②同等重视

balance A with/and B

balance home life with career

③比较权衡

balance A against B

balance the cost against its benefit

balanced adj.平衡的

be on a balanced diet

balcony [ˈbælkənɪ] n. 阳台；楼座

ball [bɔːl] n. 球 n. 舞会

ballet [ˈbæleɪ] n. 芭蕾舞

balloon [bəˈluːn] n. 气球

ballpoint = ballpoint pen/ `bɔl,pɔɪnt / 圆珠笔

bamboo [bæmˈbuː] n. 竹

ban [bæn] n. 禁令 v. 禁止；取缔

a ban on smoking 禁烟令

place… under ban 对…...加以禁止

ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做......

banana [bəˈnɑːnə; (US) bəˈnænə] n. 香蕉

band [bænd] n. 乐队

bandage [ˈbændɪdʒ] n. 绷带

bang [bæŋ] int. 砰

bank [bæŋk] n. （河海湖的）岸, 堤 n. 银行

bank account [bæŋk əˈkaʊnt] n. 银行账户

bar [bɑː(r)] n. 条（长方）块, 棒, 横木 n.（酒店的）买酒柜台；酒吧；（卖东西的）柜台

1) n. 条，块，障碍

a bar of chocolate/soap

Being a woman was a bar to promotion（晋升）.

2) vt. 封堵，阻止

All the doors and windows were barred.

bar sb. from...

bar players from drinking

barbecue [ˈbɑːbɪkjuː] n. 烤肉野餐

barber [ˈbɑːbə(r)] n. （为男人理发）理发师

barbershop/ `bɑrbər,ʃɑp / n. 理发店

bare [beə(r)] a. 裸露的, 光秃秃的

bargain [ˈbɑːɡɪn] n. （经讨价还价后）成交的商品；廉价货 v. 讨价还价

Those shoes are a real bargain at such a low price.

bargain with sb about /over sth

bark [bɑːk] v. 狗叫 n. 狗叫声

barrier ['bærɪə] n. 屏障, 障碍, 关卡

base [beɪs] n. 根据地, 基地（棒球）垒

base sth on/upon sth 使......以...…为基础

His book is based on a true story.

be based in 以...为基地,把基地设在

The toy company is based in Guangzhou.

basic adj 基本的

basic knowledge/skills

basically adv.基本上

baseball [ˈbeɪsbɔːl] n. 棒球

basement [ˈbeɪsmənt] n. 地下室

basic [ˈbeɪsɪk] a. 基本的

basin [ˈbeɪs(ə)n] n. 水盆, 脸盆

basis [ˈbeɪsɪs] n. 原因, 缘由, 要素

1）基础，要素

form the basis of…

2) 基准，原则

on a regular /permanent basis 以定期的/永久的方式

3) 原因，缘由

on the basis of…

Some videos were banned on the basis of violence.

basket [ˈbɑːskɪt; (US) ˈbæskɪt] n. 篮子

basketball [ˈbɑːskɪtbɔːl] n. 篮球

bat [bæt] n. （棒球、板球的）球棒 n. 蝙蝠

bath [bɑːθ; (US) bæθ] n. 洗澡；浴室；澡盆

have/take a bath

bathe [beɪð] vi. 洗澡；游泳

be bathed in …沉浸在,沐浴着（光线）

bathroom n.浴室

bathrobe [ˈbɑːθrəʊb] n. 浴衣

bathroom [ˈbɑːθruːm] n. 浴室, 盥洗室

bathtub ['bɑ:θtʌb] n. 澡盆

battery [ˈbætərɪ] n. 电池

battle [ˈbæt(ə)l] n. 战斗；战役

battleground [ˈbæt(ə)lɡraʊnd] n. 战场

bay [beɪ] n. 湾； 海湾

BC/ˌbiːˈsiː/ n. 公元前

be [biː] v. 是（原形）,其人称和时态形式有(am, is, are, was, were, being, been)；成为

beach [biːtʃ] n. 海滨, 海滩

beam [biːm] n. 平衡木

bean [biːn] n. 豆, 豆科植物

beancurd ['bi:nkə:d] n. 豆腐

bear [beə(r)] v. 承受, 负担, 承担；忍受；容忍 n. 熊

1）承受 (重量)

The ice is too thin to bear your weight.

2) 负担, 承担

bear the cost/ burden/responsibility

3）忍受;容忍 （常用于疑问句、否定句，与can, could 连用） bear to do/doing

bear…in mind 记住......

beard [bɪəd] n. （下巴上的）胡须

beast [biːst]n. 野兽；牲畜

beat (beat, beaten) [biːt] v. 敲打；跳动；打赢 n. （音乐）节拍

My heart is beating faster than usual.

Waves are beating the shore.

He beat me in the game.

beautiful [ˈbjuːtɪf(ə)l] a. 美, 美丽, 美观的

beauty [ˈbjuːtɪ] n. 美丽, 美人

because [bɪˈkɔz; (US) bɪˈkɔːz] conj. 因为

become (became, be come) [bɪˈkʌm] v. 变得；成为

bed [bed] n. 床

bedclothes [ˈbedkləʊðz] n. 铺盖（被褥等）

beddings [ˈbedɪŋ] n. 卧具, 铺盖

bedroom [ˈbedruːm] n. 寝室, 卧室

bee [biː] n.. 蜜蜂

beef [biːf] n. 牛肉

beehive [ˈbiːhaɪv] n. 蜂箱

beer [bɪə(r)] n. 啤酒

before [bɪˈfɔː(r)] prep. 在…以前；在…前面 ad. 以前 conj. 在…之前

prep. 在…之前，先于

conj. 在…以前；在…之前

adv. 以前；在前

It will be +段时间+before+ do/does…要过多久才…

It was +段时间+before+ did…没过多久就…

beg [beɡ] v. 请求, 乞求, 乞讨 ?

beg—begged—begged—begging

beg sb. to do 请求/乞求某人做某事

I beg your pardon. 对不起/请原谅/请再讲一遍（降调）

begin(began,begun) [bɪˈɡɪn]? v.开始,着手

beginning [bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ] n. 开始, 开端

begin with=start with 以…开始

to begin with=to start with (插入语)首先、第一

I don’t like living here. To begin with, the room is far too small.

at the beginning of…

in the beginning= at first

behalf [bɪˈhɑːf] n. 代表某人, 为了某人

behave [bɪˈheɪv] v. 守规矩, 行为

He behaved as if nothing had happened.

behave badly/well/like a true gentleman

behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌

well/badly behaved children

behaviour/ bɪ`heɪvjər / n. 行为, 举止

good/bad behaviour

be on your best behaviour 尽量表现得体

behind [bɪˈhaɪnd]prep. (表示位置)在…后面 ad. 在后面；向后

drop/fall behind 落后

leave sb./sth. behind 遗落、忘带

being [ˈbiːɪŋ] n. 物；生物；人

Belgium [ˈbeldʒəm] * n. 比利时

belief [bɪˈliːf] n. 信条, 信念

1）相信，信心

I admire his belief in what he is doing.

2) 看法，信念 （不可数）

He acted in the belief that he was doing good.

There is a general belief that things will soon get better.

3) 信仰 （可数 beliefs） religious/ political beliefs

beyond belief 难以置信

to the best of one’s belief 尽其所知

believe [bɪˈliːv] v. 相信, 认为

believe it or not (插入语)信不信由你

It is believed that he is a good teacher. =He is believed to be a good teacher.

bell [bel] n. 钟,铃;钟(铃)声;钟形物

belly [ˈbelɪ] n. 肚子

belong [bɪˈlɔŋ] vi. 属, 附属

belong to 属于（无被动）

The house belonging to her is under repair.

below [bɪˈləʊ] prep. 在……下面

belt [belt] n. （皮）带

bench [bentʃ] n. 长凳；工作台

bend (bent, bent) [bend] vt. 使弯曲

bend—bent—bent

She was bent over her desk writing a letter. 她正伏案写信。

beneath [bɪˈniːθ] prep. 在…下方（面）

beneficial [benɪˈfɪʃ(ə)l] a. 有利的, 有帮助的, 有用的

be beneficial to...

benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt] n. / v.优势,益处,使…受益

1) n. 优势，益处（不可数）

She didn’t get much benefit from her staying abroad.

be of benefit to...=be beneficial to ... = to one’s benefit 对某人有利

for one’s benefit = for the benefit of sb. 为了帮助.../为了某人的利益

2） vt./ vi. 使受益；获益

benefit sb./ sth

benefit from/ by...

bent [bent] a. 弯的

beside [bɪˈsaɪd] prep. 在…旁边；靠近

besides [bɪˈsaɪdz] prep. 除…以外（还有） ad. 还有, 此外

best（good, well 的最 高级） [best] a. & ad. 最好的；最好地, 最 n. 最好的（人或物）

do/try one’s best to do 尽全力做

make the best of… 尽量利用......

all the best （书信结语）一切顺利、万事如意

best--seller [best- ˈselə(r)] n. 畅销书

better (good, well 的 比较级) [ˈbetə(r)] a.& ad. 较好的, 更好的；好些； 更好地；更, 更多n. 较好的事物；较优者 v. 改善；胜过

had better do… 最好做…

否定：had better not do

be better worth reading 更值得读

be better known 更著名的

betray [bɪˈtreɪ] v.出卖,泄露（机密）,辜负

between [bɪˈtwiːn] prep. 在（两者）之间；在…中间

beyond [bɪˈjɔnd] prep. (表示位置) 在…的那边

beyond one’s imagination/deion 难以想象/描述

beyond one’s power 超出某人能力范围

beyond my wildest dreams 做梦也没想到

bicycle [ˈbaɪsɪk(ə)l] n. 自行车

bid [bɪd] v./ n. 出价, 投标, 向（某人）道别

bid for sth.

I bid 2000 dollars for the painting. 我出价20000美元买这幅画。

The highest bid for the picture was 20000. 这幅画的最高出价是两万

big [bɪɡ] a. 大的

bike = bicycle [baɪk] n. 自行车

bill [bɪl] n.账单；法案, 议案； （美）钞票, 纸币

billion [ˈbɪlɪən] num. 十亿, 百亿

bingo [ˈbɪŋɡəʊ] n. 宾戈游戏

biochemistry n. 生物化学

biography [baɪˈɔɡrəfɪ] n. 传记

biology [baɪˈɔlədʒɪ] n. 生物（学）

bird [bɜːd] n. 鸟

birdcage [ˈbɜːdkeɪdʒ] n. 鸟笼

birth [bɜːθ] n. 出生； 诞生

at birth 出生时

give birth to 生下，孕育了

birthday [ˈbɜːθdeɪ] n. 生日

birthplace [ˈbɜːθpleɪs] n. 出生地；故乡

biscuit [ˈbɪskɪt] n. 饼干

some chocolate biscuits

bishop [ˈbɪʃəp] n. 主教

bit [bɪt] n. 一点, 一些, 少量的

1) a bit of+不可数n.= a little +不可数n.

He can speak a bit of French.

2) a bit/a little +比较级

a bit more slowly

3) not a bit=not at all 一点儿也不、毫不

bite (bit, bitten) [baɪt] v. 咬；叮

bitter [ˈbɪtə(r)] a. 有苦味的；痛苦的, 难过的；严酷的

black [blæk] n. 黑色 a. 黑色的

blackboard [ˈblækbɔːd] n. 黑板

blame [bleɪm] n.& v. 责备；责怪

1）be to blame 应该受到责备（主动表被动）

2) blame sb. for doing→sb. be blamed for …

blank [blæŋk] n.& a. 空格, 空白（处）；空的；茫然无表情的

1) n. 空白处，空格，(记忆中的)空白,遗忘

fill in the blanks

My mind was a blank and I couldn’t remember her name.

2) adj. 空白的，无装饰的，无图画的，不理解的，没表情的,空虚的

a blank form/ wall

a blank expression

Suddenly my mind went blank.

blanket [ˈblæŋkɪt] n. 毛毯, 毯子

bleed [bliːd] vi. 出血, 流血

bless [bles] vt. 保佑, 降福

blind [blaɪnd] a. 瞎的

be blind to 对...…视而不见、熟视无睹 =turn a blind eye to

block [blɔk] n. 大块；（木、石等）块；街区；路障 vt. 阻塞；阻挡

blood [blʌd] n. 血, 血液

blouse [blaʊz; u.S. blaʊs] n. 宽罩衫；（妇女、儿童穿的）短上衣

blow [bləʊ] n. 击；打击

blow (blew, blown) [bləʊ] v. 吹；刮风；吹气

blow down 吹倒

blow up 爆炸、炸毁

give sb. a blow 给某人打击

blue [bluː] n. 蓝色 a.蓝色的 a. 悲伤的；沮丧的

board [bɔːd] n. 木板；布告牌；委员会；（政府的）部 v. 上（船、火车、飞机）

on board 在船（车、飞机）

board a train 上火车

boat [bəʊt] n. 小船, 小舟

boat--race [bəʊt-reɪs] n. 划船比赛

boating [ˈbəʊtɪŋ] n. 划船（游玩）, 泛舟 body n. 身体

body--building [ˈbɔdɪ-ˈbɪldɪŋ] n. 健美

boil [bɔɪl] v. 沸腾；烧开；煮……

bomb [bɔm] n. 炸弹 v. 轰炸

bond [bɔnd] n. /v. 纽带, 联系, 使牢固

bone [bəʊn] n. 骨头, 骨质（复数bones骨骼；骨骸）

bonus [ˈbəʊnəs] n. 津贴, 奖金, 红利

book [bʊk] n. 书；本子 v. 预定, 定（房间、车票等）

book a room/ ticket

bookcase [ˈbʊkkeɪs] n. 书橱

bookmark [ˈbʊkmɑːk] n. 书签

bookshelf/ `bʊk,ʃelf / n. 书架

bookshop [ˈbʊkʃɔp] n. 书店

bookstore [ˈbʊkstɔː(r)] n. 书店

boom [buːm] n. / v. 繁荣, 轰鸣, 激增

boot [buːt] n. 长统靴；靴

booth [buːð] n.岗；（为某种用途而设的）亭或小隔间

telephone booth [ˈtelɪfəʊn- buːð]电话亭

border [ˈbɔːdə(r)] n. 边缘；边境, 国界

bored / bɔrd / a.（对人, 事）厌倦的, 烦闷的

boring / `bɔrɪŋ / a. 乏味的, 无聊的

be bored with... /to death.

boring adj.令人无聊的

a boring job /book/man

born [bɔːn] a. 出生

borrow [ˈbɔrəʊ] v. （向别人）借用；借

boss [bɔs] n. 领班；老板

botanical [bəˈtænɪk(ə)l] a. 植物学的

botany [ˈbɔtənɪ] n. 植物； 植物学

both [bəʊθ] a. 两；双 pron. 两者；双方

bother vt./vi.

1) 花费时间精力做某事（常用于否定句，疑问句中）

① bother with/ about sth

---Shall I wait? ---No, don’t bother.

It’s not worth bothering with an umbrella.

② bother to do

He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming.

③ bother doing

Why bother asking if you are not really interested?

2) 给...造成麻烦，痛苦 使...烦恼，担忧

① bother sb with/ about...

I don’t want to bother her with my problems.

---I’m sorry he was rude to you.

--- It doesn’t bother me.

② bother sb. that...

Does it bother you that she earns more than you?

③ bother sb. to do...

It bothers me to think of her alone at home.

3) 打扰 插话

bother sb

Sorry to bother you, but...

be bothered about sb./ sth 认为...重要 关心...

I’m not bothered about what he thinks.

bother n. 麻烦 困难（不可数）

---Thanks for your help. --- it was no bother.

put sb. to bother

get sb. /oneself into bother给某人添麻烦

bottle [ˈbɔt(ə)l] n. 瓶子

bottom [ˈbɔtəm] n. 底部；底

at the bottom of…

from the bottom of one’s heart

bounce [baʊns] v. 弹起, 蹦, 上下晃动

bound [baʊnd] a. 被束缚的；被绑的；有义务的 v.& n. 跳跃

boundary [ˈbaʊndərɪ] n. 边界, 界限

bow [bəʊ] v.& n. 鞠躬, 弯腰行礼

bowl [bəʊl] n. 碗

bowling [ˈbəʊlɪŋ] n. 保龄球

box [bɔks] n. 盒子, 箱子

boxing [ˈbɔksɪŋ] n. 拳击（运动）

boy [bɔɪ] n. 男孩

boycott [ˈbɔɪkɔt] v. 拒绝购买, 抵制

brain [breɪn] n. 脑（子）

brake [breɪk] n. 闸 vi. 刹车

branch [brɑːntʃ] n. 树枝；分枝；分公司, 分店；支部

brand [brænd] n. 品牌

brave [breɪv] a. 勇敢的

bravery [ˈbreɪvərɪ] n. 勇气

bread [bred] n. 面包

break [breɪk] n. 间隙

break out （战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发

break down （车、机器等）坏掉、出故障；分解；（身体）垮掉；

break in 打断；闯入

break up 破碎；（关系）破裂

break away from 摆脱、脱离

break (broke, bro ken) [breɪk] v. 打破（断, 碎）；损坏, 撕开

breakfast [ˈbrekfəst] n. 早餐

breakthrough [ˈbreɪkθruː] n. 重大进展, 突破

breast [brest] n. 乳房, 胸脯

breath [breθ] n. 气息；呼吸

hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸

take a deep breath 深呼吸

out of breath 上气不接下气

breathe [briːð] vi. 呼吸

breathless [ˈbreθlɪs] a. 气喘吁吁的, 上气不接下气的

brewery [ˈbruːərɪ] n. 啤酒厂（公司）

brick [brɪk] n. 砖；砖块

bride [braɪd] n. 新娘

bridegroom [ˈbraɪdɡruːm] n. 新郎

bridge [brɪdʒ] n. 桥

brief [briːf] a. 简洁的

bright [braɪt] a. 明亮的；聪明的

brilliant [ˈbrɪlɪənt] a. 巧妙的, 使人印象深刻的, 技艺高的

bring (brought, brought) [brɪŋ] vt. 拿来, 带来, 取来

bring up 提出；教育；养育；呕出

bring down 降低；打倒

bring about 带来

bring in 引进

Britain [ˈbrɪtən] * n. 英国；不列颠

British [ˈbrɪtɪʃ] a. 英国的；大不列颠的；英国人的

the British [ˈbrɪtɪʃ] n. 英国国民；大不列颠人

broad [brɔːd] a. 宽的, 宽大的

broadcast [ˈbrɔːdkɑːst] n. 广播节目

broadcast（broadcast, broadcast或--ed,--ed）[ˈbrɔːdkɑːst] vt. 广播

brochure [brəʊˈʃə(r); (US) brəʊˈʃʊər] n. 资料（或广告）手册

broken [ˈbrəʊkən] a. 弄坏了的

speak in broken English

a broken marriage

broom [bruːm] n. 扫帚

brother [ˈbrʌðə(r)] n. 兄；弟

brotherhood [ˈbrʌðəhʊd] n. 兄弟般的关系

brown [braʊn] n. 褐色, 棕色 a. 褐色的, 棕色的

brunch [ˈbrʌntʃ] n. 早午饭（晚早饭）

brush [brʌʃ] v. 刷；擦 n. 刷子

bucket [ˈbʌkɪt] n. 铲斗；桶

Buddhism [ˈbʊdɪz(ə)m] n. 佛教

Buddhist ['budist] n. 佛教徒

budget [ˈbʌdʒɪt] n. 预算

within / over budget 在预算内/超出预算

on a (tight) budget 缺少钱 拮据

budget vt./vi.预算

~ sth for ... 将...编入预算

~$1,000,000 for education spending

~ for 存钱 编预算

~ for a holiday abroad

buffet [ˈbʊfeɪ; (US) bəˈfeɪ] n. 自助餐

build (built, built) [bɪld] v. 建筑；造

build up 增进、增强

building [ˈbɪldɪŋ] n. 建筑物；房屋；大楼

bun [bʌn] n. 馒头；小甜面包

bunch [bʌntʃ] n. 串,束,扎,大量,大批

bungalow [ˈbʌŋɡələʊ] n. 平房

burden [ˈbɜːd(ə)n] n. （义务, 责任的）重担, 负担

bureaucratic [bjuəˌrəu'krætik] a. 官僚的

burglar [ˈbɜːɡlə(r)] n. 入室窃贼

burial [ˈberɪəl] n. 埋葬

burn (--ed, --ed 或 burnt, burnt) [bɜːn] v. 燃, 烧, 着火；使烧焦；使晒黑 n. 烧伤；晒伤

burn down 烧毁

burn…to the ground= completely destroyed 夷为平地

get burnt 被晒伤

a burning candle 燃烧的蜡烛

burst [ˈbɜːst] v. 突然发生； 突然发作

burst—burst—burst

burst out laughing/ crying= burst into laughter/ tears 突然大笑起来/痛哭起来

bury [ˈberɪ] vt. 埋；葬

bury—buried—buried—burying

bury one’s face in the hands 手捂着脸

bury oneself in… = be buried in… 专心致志于......

bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车

bus stop [bʌs stɔp] n. 公共汽车站

bush [bʊʃ] n. 灌木丛, 矮树丛

business [ˈbɪznɪs] n. （本分）工作, 职业；职责；生意, 交易；事业

on business 出差

do business with sb.

Business is business. 公事公办。

It’s none of your business. 与你无关。

mind your own business 管好你自己的事

businessman (pl. businessmen) [ˈbɪznɪsmæn] n. 商人（男）；男企业家

businesswoman (businesswomen) [ˈbɪznɪswʊmæn] n. 商人（女）；女企业家

busy [ˈbɪzɪ] a. 忙（碌）的

be busy with sth.

be busy (in) doing 忙于做......

busily adv.

but [bət, bʌt] conj. 但是, 可是 prep. 除了, 除……外

not…but… 不是…而是

we have no choice but to wait. 除了等待别无选择。

We can do nothing but wait. 除了等待什么也不能做。

but for 要不是、若没有（引导含虚拟语气的句子）

But for your help, I would have failed.

butcher ['bʊtʃə] n. vt. 肉店；屠夫 屠宰（动物）；残杀（人）

butter [ˈbʌtə(r)] n. 黄油, 奶油

butterfly [ˈbʌtəflaɪ] n. 蝴蝶

the butterfly 蝶泳

button [ˈbʌt(ə)n] n. 纽扣；（电铃等的）按钮 v. 扣（纽扣）

buy (bought,bought) [baɪ] vt. 买

by [baɪ] prep. 靠近, 在…旁；在…时间；不迟于；被；用；由；乘（车）

by bus/car/plane/air/train/ship… 乘汽车/小汽车/飞机/火车/船

bye [baɪ] int. 再见