by后面加动词什么形式 有哪些用法

by的用法

1、意为“在……旁”，“靠近”。

Some are singing and dancing under a big tree. Some are drawing by the lake，有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。

2、意为“不迟于”，“到……时为止”。

Your son will be all right by supper time.你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。

3、表示方法、手段，可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。

The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing，猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。

4、表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。

One by one they went past the table in the dark，他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。

5、表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。

What time is it by your watch，你的表几点了。

6、和take，hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一部分。

I took him by the hand，我拉住了他的手。

7、用于被动句中，表示行为主体，常译作“被”、“由”等。

English is spoken by many people，英语被许多人说。

by的例句

1. Doctors are complaining about being barraged by drug-company salesmen.

医生们抱怨他们疲于应付医药公司的销售人员。

2. He was hand-picked for this job by the Admiral.

他是由海军上将精心挑选出来担任这项工作的。

3. Barry had his nose put out of joint by Lucy's aloof sophistication.

露西的冷淡与世故使得巴里十分不快。

4. Nora was deflowered by a man who worked in a soda-water factory.

在汽水厂工作的一个男子夺去了诺拉的童贞。

5. You can improve your chances of profit by sensible planning.

你可以通过合理计划来提高盈利的机会。